Hi All,
Finally, the concordance for the PAN Underground workshop topics. Please see below:
Standards Concordance: South Dakota Science Content Standards http://doe.sd.gov./contentstandards/, Nebraska Standards http://www.nde.state.ne.us/ndestandards/AcademicStandards.htm and the National Science Education Standards http://www.nap.edu/html/nses/overview.html#content
Workshop Activity Description/Content Standards Alignment
Day 1
The ABC's of Radioactivity: Dr. McMahan Norris's introductory lecture on radiation. Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation discussed, as well as the spectrum of non ionizing radiation. Introduction to properties of elemental stability and isotopes. Radiation Shielding. Human-made elements.
SD: 9-12.P.1.5. Students are able to distinguish among chemical, physical, and nuclear changesNE: 12.3.1 Investigate and describe the structure of atoms, Investigate and explain the types of nuclear reactions. Investigate and describe the effect of electrical and nuclear forces which hold atoms togetherNSES: Structure of matter, structure of atoms
Online Activities: Introduction to www.chicos.caltech.edu. Completed and discussed uses for several online cosmic ray activities (Hess's balloon ride, angle detector).
SD: 9-12.N.1.2. Students are able to describe the role of observation and evidence in the development and modification of hypotheses, theories, and laws. SD: 9-12.N.2.1. Students are able to apply science process skills to design and conduct student investigations. NE: Formulate questions and identify concepts that guide scientific investigations.NE: 12.3.6 Investigate and understand that all waves possess and transfer energy. Investigate and understand that the energy of waves can be changed into other forms of energy, just as other forms of energy can be transformed into wave energy.
Introduction to radiation detectors and hands-on radioactivity. Ambient radiation levels tested. Variety of experiments done using different sources of radiation at different levels of shielding and distance. Half life and distance equation experiments. Measurement of some common radioactive items. First intro to Vernier Labquest to analyze data.
SD: 9-12.N.1.2. Students are able to describe the role of observation and evidence in the development and modification of hypotheses, theories, and laws. SD: 9-12.N.2.1. Students are able to apply science process skills to design and conduct student investigations. NE: 12.2.1 By the end of twelfth grade, students will develop the abilities needed to do scientific inquiryNE: 12.3.1 Investigate and describe the structure of atoms, Investigate and explain the types of nuclear reactions. Investigate and describe the effect of electrical and nuclear forces which hold atoms togetherNSES: Structure of matter, structure of atomsNE: 12.5.3 Predict when rocks were formed by using known decay rates of radioactive isotopes in rocks.
Day 2
The ABC's of Radioactivity, a Chemistry Perspective: Dr. Miles Koppang. Review of basic atomic structure and how avg. atomic weights calculated. Balancing nuclear processes. C-14 production/dating. Isotopic labeling to monitor experiments. The kinetic isotope effect (rate effect in reaction).
SD: 9-12.P.1.1. Students are able to use the Periodic Table to determine the atomic structure of elements, valence number, family relationships, and regions
SD: 9-12.P.1.5. Students are able to distinguish among chemical, physical, and nuclear changes.
NE: 12.3.1 Investigate and describe the structure of atoms, Investigate and explain the types of nuclear reactions. Investigate and describe the effect of electrical and nuclear forces which hold atoms together
NSES: Structure of matter, structure of atoms
NE: 12.5.3 Predict when rocks were formed by using known decay rates of radioactive isotopes in rocks
The Detection of Radiation: Dr. Dong Ming Mei. Review of nucleus and orbiting electrons. Explanation of symbols commonly used to express mass number and atomic number/ how isotopes are expressed. Discussed units of radiation such as the Currie. Discussed what is considered to be safe levels of radiation. Spoke of radon and its detection.
SD: 9-12.P.1.1. Students are able to use the Periodic Table to determine the atomic structure of elements, valence number, family relationships, and regionsSD: 9-12.P.1.5. Students are able to distinguish among chemical, physical, and nuclear changes.NE: 12.3.1 Investigate and describe the structure of atoms, Investigate and explain the types of nuclear reactions. Investigate and describe the effect of electrical and nuclear forces which hold atoms together
Detection of radioactive elements via their gamma emission (Dr. Mei)
SD: 9-12.N.1.2. Students are able to describe the role of observation and evidence in the development and modification of hypotheses, theories, and laws. NE: 12.3.1 Investigate and describe the structure of atoms, Investigate and explain the types of nuclear reactions. Investigate and describe the effect of electrical and nuclear forces which hold atoms togetherNE: 12.3.6 Investigate and understand that all waves possess and transfer energy.
Cloud Chambers: Used to visualize alpha radiation.
SD: 9-12.N.2.1. Students are able to apply science process skills to design and conduct student investigations. NE: 12.2.1 By the end of twelfth grade, students will develop the abilities needed to do scientific inquiryNSES: Design and conduct scientific investigationsSD: 9-12.N.2.2. Students are able to practice safe and effective laboratory techniques.
Teacher developed activities: Tracing the path of a cosmic ray; measuring angle of a cosmic ray activity.
SD: 9-12.P.3.2. Students are able to describe how characteristics of waves are related to one another.
Cosmic Ray Detector Construction and explanations on how it works. Scintillaters and prisms. Shielding from ambient radiation.
SD: 9-12.N.2.1. Students are able to apply science process skills to design and conduct student investigations. NE: 12.2.1 By the end of twelfth grade, students will develop the abilities needed to do scientific inquirySD: 9-12.N.2.2. Students are able to practice safe and effective laboratory techniques.SD: 9-12.E.2.3A. Students are able to describe various ways data about the universe is collected.
Day 3
Nuclear Astrophysics and Origin and Fate of the Elements: Dr. McMahan Norris. Topics discussed: Neutron drip level, residual strong force interactions between nucleons, coulomb barrier of charged particles, creation of light elements via fusion in first generation stars, concept of dark matter. Discussion of many unanswered questions.
SD: 9-12.P.1.5. Students are able to distinguish among chemical, physical, and nuclear changes
NE: 12.3.1 Investigate and describe the structure of atoms, Investigate and explain the types of nuclear reactions. Investigate and describe the effect of electrical and nuclear forces which hold atoms together
NSES: Structure of matter, structure of atoms
SD: 9-12.E.2.1A. Students are able to describe the evidence supporting the Big Bang theory.
SD: 9-12.E.2.2A. Students are able to describe the physical and nuclear dynamics involved in the formation, evolution, and death of a star.
NE: 12.5.4 By the end of twelfth grade students will develop a scientific understanding of the origin of the universe.
NSES: Origin and Evolution of the Universe
Presentation on Cross-Cutting Applications at Homestake: Dr. Robert Taggert, SDSU: Why is Homestake special (reduced UV, cosmic rays, unique microbes, temp gradient.) Proposed experiments: Biological/electronic low dose effects testing; Underground agriculture/synthetic soils, multiple particle experiments.
SD: 9-12.S.1.2. Students are able to evaluate and describe the impact of scientific discoveries on historical events and social, economic, and ethical issues.SD: 9-12.S.2.1. Students are able to describe immediate and long-term consequences of potential solutions for technological issues.SD: 9-12.E.2.3A. Students are able to describe various ways data about the universe is collected.
Teacher Developed Activities: Measuring speed of sound, comparing to speed of light; calculating the energy that a paperclip contains in form of matter, E=mc^2
NE: Use technology and mathematics to improve investigations and communicationsNE: 12.3.2 By the end of twelfth grade, students will develop an understanding of the structure and properties of matter.
Cosmic Ray Detector Construction: Physical construction and circuit board soldering.
SD: 9-12.N.2.1. Students are able to apply science process skills to design and conduct student investigations. SD: 9-12.N.2.2. Students are able to practice safe and effective laboratory techniques.SD: 9-12.P.3.3. Students are able to describe electrical effects in terms of motion and concentrations of charged particles.SD: 9-12.E.2.3A. Students are able to describe various ways data about the universe is collected.
Day 4
www.particleadventure.org: The basics of nuclear particles and the forces that govern them. Standard Theory: 6 quarks 6 leptons, force carriers (photons), gravity unexplained. Antimatter. Origin of current state of matter and energy and unanswered questions.
SD: 9-12.P.1.5. Students are able to distinguish among chemical, physical, and nuclear changes.
NE: 12.3.1 Investigate and describe the structure of atoms, Investigate and explain the types of nuclear reactions. Investigate and describe the effect of electrical and nuclear forces which hold atoms together.
NSES: Structure of matter, structure of atoms.
SD: 9-12.E.2.1A. Students are able to describe the evidence supporting the Big Bang theory.
SD: 9-12.E.2.2A. Students are able to describe the physical and nuclear dynamics involved in the formation, evolution, and death of a star.
NE: 12.5.4 By the end of twelfth grade students will develop a scientific understanding of the origin of the universe.
NSES: Origin and Evolution of the Universe
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy; Dr. Koppang. Observation of both gas-state and liquid state mass spectroscopy. Also observed infrared spectrum of normal water vs. that of deuterinated water.
SD: 9-12.E.2.3A. Students are able to describe various ways data about the universe is collected.NE: Use technology and mathematics to improve investigations and communicationsNSES: Use technology and mathematics to improve investigations
Teacher Developed Activities: Origin of the elements hands-on activity; Snapple bottle electroscope.
SD: 9-12.P.3.3. Students are able to describe electrical effects in terms of motion and concentrations of charged particles.NE: 12.5.4 By the end of twelfth grade students will develop a scientific understanding of the origin of the universe.NSES: Origin and Evolution of the Universe.
Day 5
Physics at Dusel, Dr. Keller: Dark matter hypotheses; big bang hypothesis, Doppler effect, gravitational lensing, MACHOS (black holes, dead stars, other massive "dark" objects); WIMPs (weakly interacting massive particles); double beta decay; beyond the Standard Model.
SD: 9-12.S.1.2. Students are able to evaluate and describe the impact of scientific discoveries on historical events and social, economic, and ethical issues.NE: 12.2.1 By the end of twelfth grade, students will develop the abilities needed to do scientific inquirySD: 9-12.P.3.2. Students are able to describe how characteristics of waves are related to one another.SD: 9-12.E.2.1A. Students are able to describe the evidence supporting the Big Bang theory.SD: 9-12.E.2.2A. Students are able to describe the physical and nuclear dynamics involved in the formation, evolution, and death of a star.SD: 9-12.E.2.3A. Students are able to describe various ways data about the universe is collected.NE: 12.5.4 By the end of twelfth grade students will develop a scientific understanding of the origin of the universe.NSES: Origin and Evolution of the UniverseNSES: Nature of Science
Finished Cosmic Ray Detector: Discussed Ideas for student activities and experiments. Calibrated for cosmic ray energy level sensitivity
SD: 9-12.N.2.1. Students are able to apply science process skills to design and conduct student investigations.
NE: 12.2.1 By the end of twelfth grade, students will develop the abilities needed to do scientific inquiry
SD: 9-12.N.2.2. Students are able to practice safe and effective laboratory techniques.
SD: 9-12.P.3.3. Students are able to describe electrical effects in terms of motion and concentrations of charged particles.
SD: 9-12.E.2.3A. Students are able to describe various ways data about the universe is collected.
NSES: Design and conduct scientific investigations
Looking forward to the next PANUnderground workshop!
